The Leading and Managing Framework

Welcome to Module 1. 

In this module, you will learn about the difference between leadership and management, and what outcomes we expect from each in public health and health settings. We will study Stephen Covey’s 7 Habits of Highly Effective People and review his principles of the Emotional Bank Account and the Production/Production Capability balance. We also study Habit 1, which distinguishes between reactive and proactive language, and you will also learn the difference between the "circle of concern" and the "circle of influence".

Lastly, we will discuss the importance of leadership and management in your own work setting and introduce one of the main assignments, the Individual Learning Plan or ILP, which will require you to consider which leadership and management skills you wish to strengthen.
Note: You can turn on closed captions by clicking the CC button on the video player navigation bar. 

If you have trouble watching the lectures due to a slow Internet connection, try downloading the lecture or the transcript listed below each video. Right click the link and select "Save Link as" to download.

Learning Objectives

After completing this module, you will be able to:

  • Link leading and managing skills to a results framework using the World Health Organization (WHO) and Management Sciences for Health (MSH) models;
  • Compare and contrast leading and managing skills;
  • Describe outcome indicators for measuring leadership and management in a results framework;
  • Name and describe the 7 habits of Stephen Covey;
  • Compare and contrast production and production capability, reactive and proactive, and circles of influence and concern;
  • Make a personal calculation using the Emotional Bank Account; and
  • Integrate insights from self-assessment, learning, and reflection into the Individual Learning Plan. 

Video: Welcome to Module 1 (1 minute)

Downloads: Video (11 MB), Audio (1 MB), Transcript

Video: The Leading and Managing Framework  (10 minutes)

In this short lecture, Dr. Britt Yamamoto will introduce you to the leading and managing framework. He explains the differences between leadership and management, key leadership and management skills, and how these skills contribute to the achievement of results. Dr. Yamamoto will discuss the Leading and Managing Framework by MSH, which you may want to download before the lecture.


 Downloads: Video (28 MB), Audio (5 MB), Transcript

ILP Assignment: Applying Leadership Practices (20 minutes)

Please take the self-assessment Applying Leadership Practices from MSH. 

Next, download the Individual Learning Plan (ILP) and answer the questions for this activity. You will use this document to complete all ILP assignments in this course.  

You will not turn this in until your ILP Part 1 is due; we encourage you to keep up with the weekly ILP assignments.

Reading: How to Become a More Effective Leader (30 minutes)

You should now have a basic understanding of the leading and managing framework. Read the following guide from the Harvard Business School, which discusses leadership qualities, skills, and styles.

Download PDF

Reading: Leading and Managing Framework (15 minutes)

The following excerpt from the Management Strategies for Improving Health Services says:

Managers who wish to lead should address one key question: “What are the strategic challenges that my organization is facing and what do I need to do to mobilize others to take on those challenges as their own?”

Organizations that recognize they must develop managers who can lead effectively need to make a long-term commitment in resources, not try a “quick fix” for specific problems. Leadership development is a way of working and building an organization. It must be owned and championed inside the organization or program. If you care about your organization and its future, commit yourself and your organization to developing leaders at all levels. It is the path to real sustainability, improved organizational performance, better health services, and improved health outcomes.

Read the Leading and Managing Framework handout, which offers a helpful guide of the organizational outcomes that managers at all levels will achieve when they lead and manage well. Within each leading and managing function, they need to apply a dynamic range of practices at different times to handle change and stabilize their organizations.

Download PDF

Source: Management Strategies for Improving Health Services. MSH. 2001. Management Sciences for Health. Vol 10 No 3.

Video: Overview of the 7 Habits (8 minutes)

In this video lecture, Dr. Ann Downer gives an overview of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People by Stephen Covey.

Downloads: Video (28 MB), Audio (5 MB), Transcript

Video: The Emotional Bank Account  (8 minutes)

The Emotional Bank Account is a metaphor Covey uses to describe the kind of interactions we have with other people and the development of trust between ourselves and others. He describes the Emotional Bank Account as the amount of trust that we build up in a relationship. Much like a financial bank account, deposits are made and withdrawals are taken. It compares all our interpersonal interactions to deposits and withdrawals. Examples of deposits include: understanding the other person, keeping commitments, helping, providing constructive feedback, and apologizing. These are relationship-building activities.

If you make deposits into an Emotional Bank Account with another person through courtesy, kindness, honesty, and keeping commitments, you build up a reserve. An example of a withdrawal might be: you are busy and instead of allowing a subordinate to help you write the report, you tell him/her to forget it, you’ll do it yourself. This is a withdrawal because you are undermining the capability/capacity of others. Instead, you should ask what you can do to help the employee get the task done.

When you have a positive balance, you can make occasional withdrawals (for example, if you have a bad day and act badly). If you have a negative balance, people will probably not want to work or be with you. Anthony Robbins, a motivational speaker said, “The quality of your life is the quality of your relationships.” If we want our relationships at work to run smoothly, we must make far more deposits than withdrawals.

Take a moment to watch the video below, which focuses on The Emotional Bank Account and discussed the role of deposits and withdrawals.

Download: Video (20 MB), Audio (5.4 MB),  Transcript

ILP Assignment: Emotional Bank Account (15 minutes)

Complete the Emotional Bank Account assessment to look at one of your relationships. Examine your balance with a person of your choice by evaluating deposits and withdrawals you have made. Mark deposits with a (+) and withdrawals with a (-). For each withdrawal, record changes you can make in the future to build deposits or repair trust.

Deposits and Withdrawals:

  • Showing kindness and courtesy
  • Keeping my promises
  • Honoring expectations
  • Showing loyalty when he/she is absent
  • Apologizing when needed

Next, answer the questions in the ILP.

You will not turn this in until your ILP Part 1 is due, we encourage you to keep up with the weekly ILP assignments.

Video: Habit 1 Be Proactive (6 minutes)

In this lecture, Professor Emeritus, Dr. Ann Downer (USA) discusses Habit 1: Be Proactive. In this video, Dr. Downer defines proactivity and suggests strategies for increasing our self-awareness and proactivity. She explains how to focus on things we can control and influence in life and avoid being reactive to negative stimuli.

Download: Video (20 MB), Audio (5.4 MB), Transcript

Challenge yourself to test the principle of proactivity by doing the following.

  • Start replacing reactive language with proactive language.
    • Reactive = "He makes me so mad."
    • Proactive = "I control my own feelings."
  • Convert reactive tasks into proactive ones.

Reading: Improving Leadership Skills (8 minutes)

Read the article 7 Harsh Truths That Will Improve Your Leadership Skills Overnight about how you can become a better leader.

Download PDF

Video: Covey on Habit (3 minutes)

Stephen Covey shares his thoughts on the role of choice in managing change and accomplishing what we want.
Please note that the CC button (closed captions in English) does not display the words correctly in this video.

Quiz (15 minutes)

Go to Quiz

*Please note that in this sample course there is no access to the quiz

Module Summary

Congratulations on completing this module. After completing Module 1, you have now learned the importance of both leading and managing and the differences between the two concepts. Leading and managing share many similarities but are separate skills in their executions. Connecting both of these skills back to the results framework provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Management Sciences for Health (MSH) models. We can evaluate our results using outcome indicators to measure our leadership and management skills. Stephen Covey’s The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People taught us how to compare: production with production capability, reactive with proactive language, and circles of influence with concern. As a leader in health, you must challenge yourself to improve the proactivity within your organization. We are responsible for our emotional bank accounts with each relationship in the organization as a whole. This includes deposits and withdrawals like showing kindness and understanding, honoring expectations, apologizing when it is needed, and being loyal even when the person is no longer present.

Optional Resources